Wilhelm scheerer



(No Model.)

W SOHEERER SURGICAL INSTRUMENT.

Patented June 19, 1894.

E gi 1291i UNITED STAT-ES" PATENT OFFICE.

WILHELM SOHEERER, OF TUTTLINGEN, GERMANY.

SU RGICAL. IN STRUM ENT.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 521,555, dated June19,1894.

Application filed June 3, 1893. S i l No. 476,451. (No model.)

T0 at whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, WILHELM SCHEERER, a sub ect of the King ofWiirtemberg, residing at Tuttlingen, Wiirtemberg, in the Empire ofGermany, have invented new and useful Improvements in SurgicalInstruments, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates to separable scalpels, or bistouries, orsimilar surgical instruments, and its object is to provide an instrumentin which the blade shall besecurely and firmly locked in position, bothin an open and a closed position, and in which the instrument can, atthe same time, be readily taken apart for cleaning the same. To attainthese ob ects, an instrument embodying my inventlon comprises a blade,in combination with a haftor handle composed of two scales which, attheir upper ends, are longitudinally flanged or provided with lipsadapted to overlap the sides of the tang or talon of the blade. Theblade is provided, at its tang, with a perforatlon, and, when inposition, a round pivot-pin from one of the scales of the haft passesthrough such perforation and thsough a perforat1on on the oppositescale. When the scales are made of spring-metal, their resilience would,in many cases, be sufficient to hold the blades in position, but, as anadditlonal measure of security, I provide a slide embracing and adaptedto slide on one of the scales, and whose forked end engages lateralnotches on the pivot-pin, thereby securely.

locking the blade.

My invention, moreover, consists in such further features, details ofconstruction, and combinations of parts as will be hereinafter describedand pointed out in the claims.

In the drawings accompanying this specification-Figure 1 represents aside view of a two-blade bistoury embodying my invention; Fig. 2 an edgeView thereof; Figs. 3 and 4 a side view and an edge view of a slightlymodified form; Figs. 5 and 6 similar views of another modification, viz:a one-blade bistoury; Flg. 7 an inner view andtwo end views of one ofthe scales and the bistoury-haft; Fig. 8 a side view of the bistouryclosed, one of the locking slides being in engagement with,

and the other withdrawn from, the pivot-pin;

Fig. 9 a side view and a transverse section of the bistoury-blade orknife, and Fig. 10 detail views of the locking slide.

The bistoury represented in the drawings is distinguished from thosehitherto made, by the form and construction of the scales of the haft orhandle and the means for locking the blades. The former are made each ofone piece and generally of metal. They may be readily assembled andseparated. For this purpose, the scale, A, of the handle is provided, atits top, with the round pivot-pin, a, for the blades, the said pivot-pinbeing riveted to the said scale, A. The scale, B, is provided with acorresponding round opening, 19. The scale, A, is, moreover, provided,at its lower end, with a second pivot-pin, 0, whose end is provided witha rounded enlargement, while the scale, B, is provided, at thecorresponding end, with an open slot corresponding in width to thediameter of the pin, 0. The pivot-pin, 0., having been inserted into theperforations in the tangs of the blades, the scale, B, is slipped ontothe pin, 0, and the scale is then turned until the opening, b, isdirectly over the pivotpin, a. When the scale, B, is now released, itselasticity causes it to bear tightly upon the blade. In order to guardagainst any accidental disconnecr tion, a forked locking slide, 0, isprovided, which is adapted to slide forward so that its forked endengages with the lateral notches in the pivot-pin, a. The said lateralnotches are best shown in Fig. 7. The slide, 0, embraces the scale, B,with two jaws or flanges, shown best in Fig. 10, and can only bedisengaged by sliding the same downward or toward a cut-away portion, h,on the scale, and leaving the width of the flanges so that when theflanges are brought opposite the same, the slide may be readily liftedout. (See Figs. 1 and 2.) At its lower end, it is provided with aspring-tongue, e, which, by bearing on the scale, prevents the same fromsliding thereon too loosely, and from thereby becoming too readilydisengaged or unlocked.

The blades or other tools are locked in position by laterally bending orflanging the upper portions of the beveled edges of the scales, A and B,as shown at m, Figs. 2, 4, 6 and 7, and forming the tangs of the blades,so as to accurately fit against the inner faces of the flanges. (SeeFig. 9 which represents the said tang as beveled at its edges, to enablea more ready opening or closing of the blades, when the locking slide,0, is released.) To open or shut the blades, it is, therefore, alwaysnecessary to release the slide, (7, in order that the bends or flanges,m, on the scales, do not interfere with the motion of the blades. Thebistouries represented in Figs. 3 and 5 are constructed in this manner.The two-blade bistonry shown in Fig. 3 may readily be converted into aone-blade bistoury, as represented in Fig. 5, by removing one blade,whereupon the slide, 0, will grasp another inner pair of lateralnotches. The end of the scales may, moreover, be made in the form of ascalpel.

Where two blades are arranged at opposite ends, the scale, A, isprovided at its bottom, and the scale, B, at its top with an enlargementor thickened portion, g, as shown, in Figs. 2 and 7, whereby a collisionof the blades is avoided. This arrangement requires two slides, O, whoselength is so adjusted that they may be removed through the cut-awayportion, It, only when the scale has been taken off, and when theyoccupy the position indicated in Fig. 8. The pivotpins, a, are,moreover, necessary under this modification, which permits thearrangement of three, four, or more blades in one bistoury.

Having thus fully described my invention,

what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In bistouries and similar instruments, the combination, with a bladehaving a tang provided with beveled edges, of a haft consisting of twoscales flanged at their ends, the flanges being beveled and overlappingthe beveled edges of the tang, and means for locking the two scalestogether, substantially as set forth.

2. In bistouries and similar instruments, a haft consisting of a scaleprovided with a pivot-pin, a second scale provided with a perforationadapted to receive the pivot-pin, in combination with a locking slidemovable on the second scale and adapted to engage the pivot-pin,substantially as set forth.

3. In a bistoury or similar instrument, the combination, with a blade,two bait-scales provided with flanges or lips to hold the knife inposition, and a pivot-pin extending from one haft-scale, of a lockingslide on the latter adapted to engage the pivot-pin, and provided with aspring-tongue adapted to bear on the haft scale, substantially as setforth,

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification in the presence oftwo subscribing witnesses.

WILHELM SOIIEERER.

Witnesses:

AUGUST B. DRAUTZ, ALBERT IIOFMANN.

